Giuseppe  beccabi



-theescape of smoke from the chamber c1/ GIUSEPPE 'BECGARL 0F FLORENCE,ITALY.

PYRE FOR THE MANUFACTURE 0F CHARCOAL.

LSMLSS.

Application :tiled August 26, 1918.

To aZ whom it may concern:

Be it known t-hat I, Grosnrrn Baecher, a subject ofthe King of taly,residing at Florence, Italy, have invented new and useful Improvementsin Pyres for the Manufacture of Charcoal, of which the following is aspecification.

The pyre for the manufacture of charcoal is a continuous-action ovenserving for the carbonization of w-ood.

Figure l represents a front view, partly in'section, of the arrangementof a battery comprising four p5/res. Fig. 2 also represents the plan ofsaid battery, partly in section. There may be any number of batteries.Figs. 354 and 5 are detail views 'of one form of regulator embodying myinvention.

Each battery consists in a chamber of lsuitable shape and dimensions,built of firebric'ks, of refractory material or of any other appropriatematerial. The lower part of the ychamber may be in the form of a hopperZ) and provided with a closing device c having a sand-bath or a bath ofany other description. It is advisable for this closing device to have avalve rl for regulating the admission of air. The chamber ca contains,at convenient points, grates e and f at its top and side respectively,it is furnished with charging ports g and lt and with an aperture fcommunicating with the conduit for the smoke and the fumes developed bythe carbonization of the wood.

At its lower part, it is advisable for the pyre to have a sub-passage Zto facilitate thedischarge of the charcoal from the chamber ctand inorder to conveniently regulate the admission of the air necessary tocarbonization. In the front wall of the chamber M are pierced holes vn/furnished with appropriate lids or Stoppers to enable the observation ofthe internal progress of the carbonization and for the admission to thezones of carbonization of air in the quantity strictly necessary forperfect carbonization; in said' Wall there are various narrow openings/n or small low Windows for setting in position the bars of the grates ef or for removing the same in due course.

The pyro may be provided with a vapor-condensing apparatus O which maybe ot' various shapes and dimensions -and furnished with a regulator pfor Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Get. 28, 1919.

Serial No. 251,400. i

As shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5, the regulator p comprises an innercircular casing l() fixed to the vapor condenser o and provided with anopening l1. Surrounding the casing 10 is a rotatable shutter 12 formedwith an opening 13 which is adapted to register with the opening ll, asshown in Fig. 4. By rotating the shutter l2 through the handle 14, theposition of the opening 13 is adjusted to vary the opening ll. thuscontrolling the escape of smoke, as will be understood.

Having described the pyre we will now state its inode of working. At thecominencement of the operation, kindling consisting in straw, twigs ordry chips should be placed on the grate c situated above the hopper; onthe top of said kindling are placed the pieces of wood to be carbonized,through the charging ports lf/ lt After the chamber a has been lled,said ports Q and /z are closed whereupon the regulator fllocated at thebottom of the hopper is opened as well as the regulator p belonging tothe condenser O After this has been done, the kindling is set tire to,and when it has begun to light. the wood to be carbonized situated inthe lower part of the chamber, the admission of air is lessened andregulated by means of the valve (Z the regulator p the holes 7n/ and thebars c of the grates, in such manner as to obtain the carbonization ofthe wood at a dark heat and not at a red heat.

Aftena certain time, the wood partially carbonized in the lower part ofthe chamber z decreases in volume; then fresh wood is introduced throughthe charging port p When the material inclosed between the two grates iscompletely carbonized, it may be removed. To effect this, the regulatorp of the condenser 0 is closed, a vessel containing water being drawninto the sub-passage Z-. which vessel may be provided with a cageintroduced into it; said vessel c may be conveyed on wheels.

After the vessel has been placed underneath the hopper b the bars of thegrate are removed and the closing device c opened. The charcoal 1nclosedbetween the two grates c f falls into the vessel lt containing thewater, it

raising the cage which held it. After this has been done with somecelerity, the hopper -Z)- is re-closed and the bars of grate -e-'-replaced in position; the bars of the upper grate -fare removed. TheWood which is uppermost, partially carbonized, descends and rests on thebars of grate -e-. After this has been effected, the regulator -pof thecondenser -0- is re-opened to the requisite extent, the admission of airis regulated in the usual way by means of the special regulators alreadyindicated,

l fresh wood to be carbonized is placed in the chamber and this mannerof proceeding insures the constant and continuous production ofcharcoal.

A similar arrangement on a conveniently reduced scale miayserve fordomestic purposes, for heating and for obtaining charcoal.

Claims:

l. An apparatus for manufacturing char- `coal comprising a kiln having aplurality of chambers formed therein, a vapor Condenser above thechambers and communieating therewith, a regulator for said condenser, apan' of grates removably fitted 1n each of said chambers and spacedapart to provide two compartments in each cham-- ber, a hopper at thebottom of each chamber, doors for closing the lower end of the hoppers,an air valver in each door, and passageways formed in the kiln belowsaid hoppers to accommodate receptacles.

2. An apparatus for manufacturing charcoal comprising a kiln having achamber formed therein, a condenser on the kiln, a passage formed in thekiln and connecting the chamber and condenser,a pair of superposedgrates in the chamber, said grates being removable laterally from thechamber, a hopper at the lower end of the chamber, a door for thehopper, an air valve in said door, and a passageway formed in thekilnbelow the hopper for accommodating a receptacle.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

GIUSEPPE BECCARI.

